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Check the blinded manuscript and title page locally before entering the submission system.

Open File Checker

The J-HyTEL manuscript template is provided as an optional preparation aid for the Blinded Manuscript. Authors may instead use another clear and professional Microsoft Word format, provided that the submission satisfies all requirements specified in the current J-HyTEL Author Guidelines.

• Download Manuscript Template

Author Guidelines

1. Authors are expected to read and understand the journal's Editorial Policies before submission:

   [ Aims and Scope ]	[ Publication Ethics ]	[ Peer Review Policy ]
   [ Copyright & License ]	[ Plagiarism Policy ]	[ Corrections, Retractions & Withdrawal ]
   [ APC ]	[ Generative AI Policy ]	[ Preprint & Prior Dissemination ]

2. ORCID iD: The corresponding author must provide a valid ORCID iD during submission. All co-authors are strongly encouraged to provide their ORCID iDs. Authors who do not yet have an ORCID iD may register through ORCID. Any ORCID iD supplied must belong to the named contributor and must be entered accurately in the OJS contributor metadata. The editorial office will not create, infer, or assign an ORCID iD without confirmation from the relevant author.
3. Manuscripts must be written in English, must not be under simultaneous consideration by another journal, and must not have been formally published in substantially the same form. Permitted preprint posting and other forms of prior dissemination do not automatically disqualify a submission when appropriately disclosed in accordance with the journal's Preprint & Prior Dissemination Policy. All submissions are screened for textual overlap in accordance with the journal's Plagiarism and Similarity Screening Policy. A similarity percentage alone does not establish plagiarism; editors assess the sources, extent, attribution, context, and nature of any identified overlap. The current screening threshold and its interpretation are specified in the Plagiarism and Similarity Screening Policy.
4. Authors may prepare the Blinded Manuscript using the J-HyTEL manuscript template or another clear and professional Microsoft Word document. Use of the manuscript template is optional. Regardless of the format selected, the manuscript must comply with all applicable requirements in the current Author Guidelines, including article structure, anonymisation, abstract and keyword requirements, declarations, figures, tables, captions, IEEE citations and references, and applicable research-reporting standards. Submissions that omit essential information or do not satisfy the journal's technical requirements may be returned for correction before editorial assessment.
5. The Blinded Manuscript and separate Title Page must be submitted through the Open Journal Systems platform as Microsoft Word files in .doc or .docx format; .docx is preferred. Supplementary materials should be uploaded separately using the appropriate OJS file designation where applicable. Authors must register before submitting or log in when an account already exists.
6. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that complete and accurate information is entered in OJS for every contributor, including full name, affiliation, country, email address, contribution details, and ORCID iD where available. A valid ORCID iD is required for the corresponding author and strongly encouraged for all co-authors. For multi-author submissions, each author must be entered separately using the Add Contributor function, and the order recorded in OJS must correspond exactly to the intended publication byline. J-HyTEL does not impose a fixed maximum number of authors. Every listed author must satisfy the journal's authorship criteria, approve the manuscript and author order, and accept appropriate accountability for the work.
7. Double-blind submission requirement: The reviewer-facing manuscript must not contain author names, affiliations, email addresses, ORCID iDs, photographs, biographies, non-blinded acknowledgements, personal contact details, or other information that directly identifies the authors. Complete author information must be entered in the OJS contributor metadata and provided in a separate Title Page that is not shared with reviewers.
8. Before uploading the manuscript, authors must remove identifying information from document properties, the file name, headers, footers, comments, tracked changes, revision history, embedded objects, and author metadata. All tracked changes must be accepted or rejected, and all comments must be removed from the reviewer-facing file.
9. Self-citations must remain accurate, relevant, and written in a neutral manner that does not unnecessarily disclose authorship. Authors should not remove scientifically relevant self-citations solely to preserve anonymity. Where an acknowledgement, funding statement, ethics approval, repository record, institutional description, or other necessary information would directly reveal identity, identifying details may be replaced temporarily with [blinded for review] and restored after the review process.
10. The journal does not request or accept reviewer nominations from authors. Reviewers are identified and appointed independently by the handling editor. Authors may disclose a specific potential reviewer conflict of interest to the editorial office with an appropriate explanation; however, responsibility for reviewer selection and appointment remains with the editor.
11. The required manuscript structure and preparation standards are described below.
12. Scope and scholarly contribution: Before submission, authors must ensure that the manuscript is consistent with the journal's Aims and Scope. J-HyTEL publishes scholarship across three connected subject areas: education, media technology, and computer science applications. These encompass Technology-Enhanced Learning and Educational Technology; Hypermedia, Multimedia and Digital Interaction; and Computer Science Applications and Human-Centred Computing.
    
    Research in computer science applications is considered within scope only when its central research problem and scholarly contribution demonstrate an explicit and substantive relationship to learning, communication, user experience, accessibility, or human interaction with digital media. The deployment of a general-purpose system in an organisation, workplace, public service, or community does not in itself establish relevance to the journal. Similarly, technical performance evaluation alone is insufficient where a study lacks a clear human-centred, communicative, or learning-related contribution.
    
    All manuscripts must articulate a clearly defined research problem; establish its scholarly significance; employ methods, analytical procedures, and evidence appropriate to the research question; and explain how the findings contribute to knowledge beyond the immediate implementation or case. For design and development studies, construction of a functioning system, application, algorithm, database, digital medium, learning technology, or hardware prototype may constitute a substantial component of the investigation, but the artefact must support rather than replace the manuscript's scholarly contribution.

Article Structure

Title Page and Anonymised Manuscript

J-HyTEL uses double-blind peer review. Initial submission therefore requires two separate Microsoft Word files: a reviewer-facing Blinded Manuscript and a separate Title Page. Author-identifying information must be entered accurately in the OJS contributor metadata and included on the Title Page. The reviewer-facing manuscript must remain anonymised throughout the peer-review process.

J-HyTEL does not prescribe a fixed visual template for the Title Page. Authors may use any clear and professional layout, provided that all information required by the current Author Guidelines is included. The J-HyTEL manuscript template remains an optional aid for preparing the Blinded Manuscript.

Title

The manuscript title should be accurate, informative, concise, unambiguous, and appropriately specific. It should identify the central subject of the paper and, where relevant, the principal research design, population, context, technology, method, or contribution. Avoid unexplained abbreviations, promotional wording, and claims broader than the evidence presented in the study.

Author names and affiliations

Author names, affiliations, email addresses, ORCID iDs, photographs, biographies, and corresponding-author details must not appear in the reviewer-facing manuscript. Complete author information must be entered accurately in the OJS contributor metadata and included on the separate Title Page. A valid ORCID iD is required for the corresponding author; co-authors should provide their ORCID iDs where available.

The separate Title Page must provide the complete manuscript title; each author's full name without academic titles or professional ranks; intended author order; department or unit; faculty where applicable; institution; city; country; email address; and ORCID iD where available. The corresponding author must be clearly identified, and their valid ORCID iD and contact email must be included. Author names, order, affiliations, email addresses, and ORCID iDs recorded in OJS must correspond to the Title Page and the intended publication byline.

Author biographies and professional photographs are not required for initial submission or peer review. Where such materials are used as part of the final published article or author profile, the editorial office may request them after acceptance. They are not considered in editorial or peer-review decisions. Complete non-blinded acknowledgements and applicable declarations may be provided on the Title Page where required, while identifying information must remain absent from the Blinded Manuscript.

Corresponding author

The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the journal throughout submission, peer review, production, and post-publication. The corresponding author's name, email address, valid ORCID iD, and contact details must be entered in the OJS metadata and included on the separate Title Page but must not appear in the anonymised manuscript submitted for peer review.

Abstract

Provide an unstructured abstract of 250–300 words. The abstract should be self-contained and concisely state the background or problem, objective, method or approach, principal results, and main conclusion. Avoid citations, undefined abbreviations, unsupported claims, and information that is not reported in the manuscript.

Keywords

Provide five or six specific keywords that complement rather than merely repeat terms in the title. Use established disciplinary terminology where possible and avoid excessively broad or generic phrases.

Research article structure

The anonymised manuscript should begin with the title, abstract, and keywords, followed by the main text. Author names, affiliations, contact information, ORCID iDs, and biographies must not appear in the reviewer-facing file.

Empirical research articles should normally follow an IMRDC structure: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion, followed by anonymised Acknowledgements where applicable, Declarations, References, and Nomenclature where relevant. Theoretical, conceptual, design-oriented, and other research designs may use an alternative structure where justified by disciplinary conventions and the research question, provided that the manuscript remains logically organised, methodologically transparent, and sufficiently detailed for critical evaluation.

Introduction

The Introduction should establish the scholarly context of the study by presenting the relevant background, a clearly articulated research problem, a focused and critical engagement with the relevant literature, the identifiable research gap, and the significance of addressing that gap. Where applicable, it should explain the rationale for the proposed approach or solution. The section should conclude with the study's purpose, objectives, research questions, or hypotheses and should make clear the intended scholarly contribution. The literature review should synthesise and critically position previous work rather than merely enumerate earlier studies.

Materials and Methods

Describe the research design, setting, participants or data sources, sampling strategy, instruments, procedures, intervention or system-development process where applicable, data collection, evaluation procedures, and analytical methods in sufficient detail to permit critical assessment and reasonable replication or reproduction. Methodological choices should be justified, established methods appropriately cited, and substantive modifications clearly described.

Identify relevant software, tools, models, platforms, and versions where their specification is necessary to understand or reproduce the work. Report ethical approval, consent, registration, protocol information, or other research-governance requirements where applicable. Authors should follow appropriate discipline- and design-specific reporting standards where relevant.

For engineering, computing, software, system-development, artificial intelligence, IoT, security, or other technical studies, provide sufficient information concerning the architecture, design rationale, datasets, algorithms, implementation environment, evaluation criteria, baselines or comparison conditions where appropriate, and validation procedures to support the reported findings. The methodological description should enable readers to understand not only what was built or implemented, but how the resulting evidence addresses the research question.

Results

Present the findings clearly, accurately, and in an order consistent with the research questions, objectives, hypotheses, or evaluation criteria. Report relevant positive, negative, null, and unexpected findings where applicable. Quantitative and qualitative results should be reported with sufficient detail to support subsequent interpretation. Tables and figures should complement rather than unnecessarily duplicate information presented in the text. Detailed interpretation should normally be reserved for the Discussion section.

• Figures:
  • • All figures must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first cited in the manuscript.
    • Each figure must include a clear and informative caption.
    • Figure captions should begin with the figure number, for example, Figure 1 or Figure 2.
    • Figure captions must appear below the corresponding figure.
    • Figures reproduced or adapted from another source must be cited appropriately and used with permission where required.
    • Every figure must be referred to explicitly in the main text.
    • Figures should be legible at publication size and should not rely on unnecessary decorative elements.
• Tables:
  • • All tables must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first cited in the manuscript.
    • Each table must include a concise and informative caption identifying the table number, for example, Table 1 or Table 2.
    • Each column must have a clear and concise heading.
    • Tables should use a clear and consistent structure and should avoid unnecessary vertical or decorative lines.
    • Every table must be referred to explicitly in the main text.
    • Tables reproduced or adapted from another source must be cited appropriately and used with permission where required.
    • Tables should communicate information efficiently and should not simply duplicate material already presented in the text or figures.

Discussion

Interpret the principal findings in relation to the research questions or objectives, relevant theory or conceptual framing, and prior research. Explain what the findings mean, why they matter, and how they extend, qualify, challenge, or otherwise contribute to existing knowledge. Where relevant, address consistencies and differences with previous studies and consider plausible alternative explanations.

The Discussion should distinguish evidence-supported interpretation from speculation and should address the study's theoretical, methodological, educational, technical, practical, organisational, or societal implications as appropriate. Authors should discuss important limitations and the extent to which the findings may be transferred, generalised, reproduced, or applied in other contexts. Avoid merely restating the Results or advancing conclusions that exceed the available evidence.

Conclusion

The Conclusion should answer the research objectives or questions concisely and remain fully supported by the reported findings. It should identify the principal scholarly contribution and, where appropriate, its theoretical, methodological, educational, technical, practical, organisational, or societal significance. Do not repeat the abstract, introduce new evidence, or overstate generalisability. Important limitations may be acknowledged where relevant, and recommendations for future research should arise logically from the findings and limitations of the study.

Review article structure

Review articles should provide a critical, transparent, and analytically meaningful synthesis of the relevant body of evidence. The structure may vary according to the review design, but the manuscript must clearly distinguish the review question, methods, synthesis, interpretation, limitations, and conclusions.

Introduction

The Introduction should define the review topic and its significance, establish the relevant scholarly context, identify the conceptual or evidential gap, and state the review objective or research question. The intended scope, key concepts, population or context where applicable, and review approach should be clear.

• • Provide an integrated and synthesised account of the current state of knowledge.
  • Identify important agreements, inconsistencies, controversies, and unresolved questions in previous research.
  • Clarify relevant concepts, definitions, boundaries, and assumptions.
  • Develop or employ an appropriate conceptual framework where this strengthens the synthesis.
  • Identify substantive research gaps, implications, and defensible directions for future inquiry.
  • Evaluate relevant methodological approaches, strengths, limitations, and sources of uncertainty.

The Introduction should conclude by explaining why the review is needed and how it addresses the identified scholarly problem or gap.

Review Methods

Systematic, scoping, integrative, bibliometric, and other evidence-review designs must describe their methods with sufficient transparency to permit critical appraisal and, where appropriate, reproducibility. Depending on the review design, authors should report the information sources, complete search date, search strategy, eligibility criteria, selection process, data extraction procedures, quality or risk-of-bias appraisal where applicable, synthesis or analytical approach, protocol or registration information where relevant, and any material deviations from the planned method.

Authors should use an appropriate design-specific reporting guideline, such as PRISMA, PRISMA-ScR, or another recognised standard, where applicable to the review methodology.

Evidence Synthesis and Analysis

The main body of a review article must synthesise rather than merely catalogue previous studies. Evidence should be organised in a manner appropriate to the review question, such as by conceptual framework, theme, methodology, technology, population, context, intervention, or outcome. Authors should compare convergent and divergent findings, evaluate the strengths and limitations of the evidence, explain important inconsistencies, and identify defensible implications and research gaps.

Conclusion

The Conclusion should answer the review objective, synthesise the most important findings, explain their implications, acknowledge significant limitations in both the available evidence and the review process, and identify specific priorities for future research. It should not introduce new evidence or simply restate the abstract.

Acknowledgements and Declarations

Acknowledgements

Place acknowledgements in a separate section near the end of the manuscript before the References. In the reviewer-facing manuscript, identifying names, institutions, grant details, or other information that could disclose authorship should be replaced temporarily with [blinded for review]. Complete information must be restored after the peer-review process and before final publication. Individuals who contributed through language editing, writing assistance, technical assistance, proofreading, or other support should be acknowledged appropriately but must not be listed as authors unless they satisfy the journal's authorship criteria.

Declarations

Author Contributions

Every multi-author manuscript must include an Author Contributions statement using the CRediT Contributor Roles Taxonomy. A sole-author manuscript must state that the author is solely responsible for all applicable contributor roles. CRediT describes contributor roles but does not independently determine authorship. Every listed author must satisfy the journal's authorship criteria, approve the submitted and accepted versions of the manuscript, and accept appropriate accountability for the work. Contributors who do not qualify for authorship should be acknowledged with their permission.

Funding

State all financial and material support for the work, including the funder name and grant number where available. If no specific funding was received, authors may state: “This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”

Competing Interests

Disclose all relevant financial, personal, professional, academic, institutional, or intellectual-property interests that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the work. If no such interests exist, state: “The authors declare no competing interests.”

Ethics Approval and Informed Consent

Research involving human participants, identifiable personal data, or other ethically sensitive data must identify the approving ethics committee or review body, approval or protocol number where available, and the applicable informed-consent procedure. Where formal review or consent was not required, or where an exemption was granted, authors must state the legal, institutional, ethical, or methodological basis for that determination and identify the responsible authority where applicable. Consent for publication is required where an individual may be identifiable.

These requirements do not extend the journal's disciplinary scope. Clinical diagnosis, treatment, patient intervention, clinical trials, and medical-device validation are outside the journal's scope. Research on technology-enhanced education in the health professions may be considered where its primary scholarly contribution concerns learning, pedagogy, or educational technology.

Data Availability

Include a Data Availability statement explaining whether and where the data, code, instruments, software artefacts, models, or other materials necessary to support or interpret the findings can be accessed. Where appropriate, provide a persistent repository identifier or link. When access is restricted for ethical, privacy, legal, security, commercial, proprietary, contractual, or third-party reasons, explain the nature of the restriction and any legitimate controlled-access procedure.

Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies

Every manuscript must include a Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies Statement before the References, whether or not a covered technology was used. Where generative AI or an AI-assisted technology was used, authors must identify the tool and provider, model or version where available, date or period of access, specific purpose, affected task or manuscript section, and the human verification undertaken. AI systems must not be listed as authors. The named authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, references, data, interpretation, permissions, confidentiality, and integrity of all submitted content.

The complete requirements, including declaration templates and provisions concerning research methods, images, references, confidential material, and non-compliance, are provided in the journal's Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies Policy.

Related Work, Preprints, and Prior Dissemination

Authors must disclose related manuscripts, preprints, conference papers, theses or dissertations, repository versions, working papers, protocols, shared datasets, translations, or earlier reports that materially overlap with the submission. Relevant related work should be cited or linked, and the manuscript should explain its distinct contribution. Complete requirements are governed by the journal's Preprint & Prior Dissemination Policy.

Include a Preprint and Prior Dissemination Statement where disclosure is required. When no covered prior dissemination exists, authors may state: “The authors declare that this manuscript has not been disseminated previously in a form requiring disclosure under the journal's Preprint & Prior Dissemination Policy.”

Publication Model and Online First

J-HyTEL publishes three scheduled regular issues annually, in February, June, and October. Regular issues follow a complete-issue publication model and are released publicly after their planned content has completed all applicable editorial, peer-review, ethical, licensing, metadata, and production requirements. If an issue is delayed, it remains unpublished until the publication requirements have been completed and is released using its actual publication date. The journal does not backdate an issue or its articles merely to correspond with the scheduled publication month.

Online First is an optional editorial pathway for eligible final articles awaiting assignment to a scheduled issue. Acceptance alone does not constitute Online First publication. An Online First article is a final published record with public authorship, article files, licensing information, first-publication date, and a DOI where active. Where DOI activation is still being processed, the article page must identify the DOI status transparently and readers may use the stable article URL until activation is completed.

When an Online First article is subsequently assigned to a scheduled issue, the existing article record is updated with its final volume, issue, and pagination or article identifier where applicable. The same DOI and original first-publication date are retained; issue assignment does not constitute a second publication. See the Publication Schedule & Online First Policy.

References

The reference list must follow IEEE style. Every source included in the reference list must be cited in the manuscript, and every in-text citation must correspond to a reference-list entry. References should be relevant, accurate, balanced, and sufficiently current for the research question. Seminal, foundational, or methodologically necessary older works should not be excluded solely because of publication date.

Authors are responsible for verifying author names, titles, source information, publication details, DOIs, URLs, and other bibliographic metadata, and for ensuring that each source genuinely supports the claim for which it is cited. References should normally be drawn from reliable scholarly or authoritative sources appropriate to the subject matter.

Self-citation is acceptable where it is directly relevant and scientifically justified. Authors must not add irrelevant references, excessive self-citations, reciprocal citations, citation-cartel references, or unnecessary citations to J-HyTEL for the purpose of influencing citation indicators. Citation and reference problems are handled proportionately: correctable errors may require revision or post-publication correction, whereas retraction is reserved for serious problems that materially undermine the reliability or integrity of the published work.

Authors may use a reference manager such as Mendeley, EndNote, or Zotero, but automatically generated entries must be checked manually. Entries should include the bibliographic elements required by IEEE style for the relevant source type, including DOI or stable URL where applicable.

Reference Guide

A. References in Text
Sources are numbered in the order in which they first appear in the manuscript and are cited using square brackets. The same reference number must be used each time a source is cited. Every reference-list entry must be cited at least once in the manuscript.

Examples: According to [1]; as demonstrated in [2]; as shown by Brown [4], [5]; as discussed by Wood et al. [7]; and as reported in several studies [2], [4]–[7], [9].

Reference ranges should be formatted consistently using an en dash for consecutive references, for example, [4]–[7]. Non-consecutive references should be separated by commas. Authors must ensure that numbering remains sequential and that every citation corresponds accurately to the reference list.

NOTE: Use “et al.” in narrative text where appropriate for works with three or more authors.

Blog

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Title of the post,” Title of the Blog, Month Day, Year. [Online]. Available: URL

Examples:

• Weissberger, “FCC approves EchoStar/Dish request to extend timeline for its 5G buildout,” IEEE ComSoc Technol. Blog, Sep. 23, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://techblog.comsoc.org/2024/09/23/fcc-approves-echostar-dish-request-to-extend-timeline-for-its-5g-buildout/
• Owens, “How two Cisco women leaned in and supercharged their careers,” Cisco Blogs, Jun. 23, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://blogs.cisco.com/diversity/how-two-cisco-women-leaned-in-and-supercharged-their-careers

Book

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, State, Country: Publisher, year, ch. x, sect. x, pp. xxx–xxx.

Examples:

• Klaus and P. Horn, Robot Vision. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 1986.
• Stein, “Random patterns,” in Computers and You, J. S. Brake, Ed., New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 1994, pp. 55–70.
• L. Myer, “Parametric oscillators and nonlinear materials,” in Nonlinear Optics, vol. 4, P. G. Harper and B. S. Wherret, Eds., San Francisco, CA, USA: Academic, 1977, pp. 47–160.
• Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions (Applied Mathematics Series 55). Washington, DC, USA: NBS, 1964, pp. 32–33.

Conference Paper (Paper Presented at a Conference)

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Title of paper,” presented at the Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf., State, Country, Month day(s), year, Paper number.

Examples:

• Caratelli, M. C. Viganó, G. Toso, and P. Angeletti, “Analytical placement technique for sparse arrays,” presented at the 32nd ESA Antenna Workshop, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, Oct. 5–8, 2010.
• G. Kreifeldt, “An analysis of surface-detected EMG as an amplitude-modulated noise,” presented at the 1989 Int. Conf. Med. Biol. Eng., Chicago, IL, USA, Nov. 9–12, 1989.

Conference Proceedings in Print

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., year, pp. xxx–xxx.

Example:

• Amador-Perez and R. A. Rodriguez-Solis, “Analysis of a CPW-fed annular slot ring antenna using DOE,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., Jul. 2006, pp. 4301–4304.

Conference Proceedings With DOI

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., year, pp. xxx–xxx, doi: xxx.

Example:

• Veruggio, “The EURON roboethics roadmap,” in Proc. Humanoids ’06: 6th IEEE-RAS Int. Conf. Humanoid Robots, 2006, pp. 612–617, doi: 10.1109/ICHR.2006.321337.

Virtual Journal

Basic Format:

• Name(s) of Ed(s)., “Title of Issue,” in Title of Journal, Abbrev. month year. [Online]. Available: URL

Example:

• Smith, T. Jones, and B. Simpson, Eds., “IEEE Biometrics Compendium Issue 30 December 2017,” in IEEE Biometrics Compendium, Dec. 2017. [Online]. Available: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/virtual-journals/biocomp/

Periodical With DOI

Basic Format:

• K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx–xxx, Abbrev. month, year, doi: xxx.

Example:

• M. Chiampi and L. L. Zilberti, “Induction of electric field in human bodies moving near MRI: An efficient BEM computational procedure,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 2787–2793, Oct. 2011, doi: 10.1109/TBME.2011.2158315.

Download: IEEE Reference Guide (V 3.28.2025).