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Los centros de formación profesional de secundaria necesitan materiales didácticos que relacionen los conceptos de los controladores lógicos programables (PLC) con prácticas seguras y repetibles en equipos de automatización industrial. En este estudio se desarrolló y evaluó un módulo de fichas de trabajo de aprendizaje basado en problemas (PBL) para un kit de formación «Pick and Place» basado en un PLC de Panasonic y programado con FPWIN Pro 7. El estudio utilizó las fases de Definición, Diseño y Desarrollo del modelo Four-D (4D). Cinco hojas de trabajo fueron evaluadas por un experto en la materia y un experto en medios didácticos, y posteriormente fueron probadas por un profesor de formación profesional y diez alumnos de automatización industrial de 11.º curso en la SMK Pembangunan Teknologi Robotik UNP, en Padang (Indonesia). Las puntuaciones de validez de contenido y de medios fueron del 89,58 % y del 93,75 %, respectivamente, lo que arrojó una puntuación de validez compuesta del 91,67 % («Muy válido»). Las puntuaciones de practicidad tras el uso fueron del 93,8 % por parte del profesor y del 95,0 % por parte de los alumnos; la media ponderada de los participantes tras el uso fue del 94,9 % («muy práctico»). Las respuestas abiertas destacaron la utilidad de las capturas de pantalla comentadas de FPWIN Pro 7, los escenarios de problemas y las directrices de seguridad, al tiempo que señalaron la necesidad de contar con diagramas de cableado codificados por colores. Estos resultados aportan pruebas preliminares de que el módulo es válido y utilizable en este contexto local. Dado que el estudio no evaluó la eficacia del aprendizaje ni incluyó un grupo de comparación, es necesaria una evaluación adicional en múltiples centros y basada en los resultados.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Elfitra Rahma Fionandes, Zulwisli, Ilmiyati Rahmy Jasril, Winda Agustiarmi