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教育领域中关于人工智能（AI）的研究正以前所未有的速度扩展，但其发展仍呈现出碎片化、受炒作驱动以及在学科和地区间分布不均的特点。 本文呈现了迄今为止最全面的梳理之一，分析了通过Web of Science检索到的16,564篇出版物（1990–2025年），并采用结合计算主题建模、AI辅助筛选和人工验证的混合方法，将其精简为4,626篇核心研究成果。 为补充这一宏观层面的梳理，我们对每个主要研究主题中被引用次数最多的论文进行了定性综述，深入阐释了这些有影响力的研究成果如何塑造了关于AI在教育中的应用、参与度、个性化、聊天机器人、评估、风险、监测、综述以及AI教学等议题的讨论。 研究结果显示，自2020年以来该领域呈现指数级增长，在新冠疫情期间及ChatGPT发布后出现显著激增，但同时也存在持续的碎片化现象、评估研究数量的减少以及态度调查的饱和。 尽管个性化、AI教学和用户参与度等极具前景的研究领域具有长期重要性，但其关注度却有所下降；与此同时，风险与伦理问题仍未得到充分探讨，且与技术研究的关联度较低。引文模式进一步揭示了系统性失衡：教育类论文被过度引用，而工程类研究成果则未得到应有的认可。 我们最后提出若干建议：加强跨学科合作、关注被忽视的领域、纳入历史视角，并应对系统性挑战，以期培育一个更具累积性、综合性和批判性的研究领域。
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Author Contributions
Constance de Saint Laurent: Conceptualization; Methodology; Investigation; Data Collection; Data Curation; Writing – Original Draft Preparation. Vlad Glaveanu: Theoretical Framework Development; Writing – Review & Editing. Ioana Literat: Theoretical Framework Development; Writing – Review & Editing. Ingunn Ness: Theoretical Framework Development; Writing – Review & Editing. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Natalie Robinson for her help formatting the final version of the paper.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Ethics Approval
This study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Informed Consent
The study did not involve collecting empirical data from human participants.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Funding
The authors declare that this research did not receive specific funding from any public, commercial, or not-for-profit agencies.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Data Availability
The data supporting this study’s findings are not publicly available. Summary data are included in the manuscript, and more detailed information can be requested from the corresponding author under strict confidentiality agreements.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests related to the content of this article.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22Generative AI Disclosure
During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used AI (ChatGPT 4.0) to assist as part of the methodology of summarizing data, as explained in the manuscript. Whenever AI was used, the authors carefully reviewed and edited the content to ensure accuracy and integrity, and they take full responsibility for the published work.
View statement in PDF · PDF page 22参考
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Copyright (c) 2026 Constance de Saint Laurent, Vlad Glaveanu, Ioana Literat, Ingunn Ness